Security Assertion Markup Language - standard for exchanging authentication data between systems. Like having a standardized passport format recognized by all countries.
Enterprise employees use SAML to access both internal company systems and external partner applications with one login.
SAML is an open standard used for single sign-on (SSO) between an Identity Provider (IdP) and a Service Provider (SP). AWS IAM Identity Center, Microsoft Entra ID, Google Cloud Identity, and OCI IAM Identity Domains can all act as (or integrate with) SAML IdPs/SPs to enable SSO to cloud consoles and SaaS apps using SAML assertions.