Legal requirements that data must be stored and processed within specific geographic boundaries, typically based on where users are located. Like laws requiring certain documents to stay within a country's borders.
A healthcare app serving EU customers must store patient data in European data centers to comply with GDPR data sovereignty requirements.
Data sovereignty is not a single cloud service. It is a legal and architectural requirement addressed through cloud provider features such as region selection, data residency controls, encryption, key management, access controls, logging, and contractual commitments. All major providers offer regional infrastructure and compliance tools, but customers remain responsible for designing workloads so data stays within required geographic and legal boundaries.