FTP
Definition
File Transfer Protocol - standard network protocol for transferring files between computers, widely used for sharing and managing files online.
Use Cases
- Mozilla: Public distribution of software builds and files to users and mirrors — Mozilla historically provided an FTP site (ftp.mozilla.org) to host and distribute downloadable files; users and automated tools retrieved files using FTP clients. (Enabled broad, standardized file distribution using a widely supported protocol, especially for automated downloads and mirroring.)
- Debian: Distribution of Linux packages and repository content via mirrors — Debian has long operated FTP-based repository access and mirror infrastructure (commonly referenced as ftp.debian.org) so users and mirror operators can fetch repository files using standard tools. (Supported scalable, mirror-friendly distribution of large volumes of files using a common protocol across many environments.)
Frequently Asked Questions
- What's the difference between FTP and SFTP?
- FTP is an older file transfer protocol that typically sends usernames, passwords, and data in clear text unless you add encryption (FTPS). SFTP is a different protocol that runs over SSH and encrypts both authentication and data by default, making it the more secure choice for most modern use cases.
- When should I use FTP?
- Use FTP mainly for legacy systems or closed, trusted networks where FTP is required and security controls are in place. For most Internet-facing transfers, prefer SFTP or HTTPS-based uploads/downloads. If you must use FTP, consider FTPS (FTP over TLS) and restrict access with firewalls, IP allowlists, and strong credentials.
- How much does FTP cost?
- The FTP protocol itself is free, but running FTP has infrastructure and operational costs. If you host an FTP server on a cloud VM, you pay for compute time, storage, and network egress. If you use a managed file transfer service that supports FTP/FTPS/SFTP, you typically pay per hour (or per server) plus storage and data transfer charges.
Category: networking
Difficulty: basic
Related Terms
See Also